Library
Author: admin
Digital and Virtual Library
DIGITAL AND VIRTUAL LIBRARY
Abstract
Today Libraries are playing very important role in the society. Its forms and natures are changing day by day. This paper is concerned with the emergence of new concept in the field of library and information science called “Digital Library” and “Virtual Library”. Basically, people take these two terms as a same concept, but both are two different concepts.
Introduction
Libraries are the repositories for humanity’s knowledge; they are our past, present, and future. Today, libraries are much more than storehouses for books, journals and newspapers, and include other forms of electronics data, however, one thing that has not changed is the universe of information is forever expanding and is continuing to do so at ever increasing speeds. Digital and virtual library are the part of this speed.
Digital Library: A digital library is a library in which collections are stored in digital formats and accessible by computers and other electronic devices. It is relatively new concept. The term digital library explains the nature of its collections. Digital Libraries are electronics libraries in which large numbers of geographically distributed users can access the contents of large and diverse repositories of electronic objects.
According to Fox Digital Library is defined as “New way of carrying out the functions of the libraries encompassing new types of information resources new approaches to classification and cataloguing, intensive use of electronic systems and networks and dramatic shifts in intellectual, organizational and electronic practices.”
The following factors had a catalytic effect in the emergence of digital libraries (Sherwell, 1997)
a) A well-informed and computer-literature user base has started to demand more information at the desktop.
b) Library budget were not able to cope with the users’ rising demands for hard copy journal titles.
c) Users demanding documents for their research were not connected where these were held locally in The Library obtained form outside, as long as they could be supplied quickly.
d) The distinction between library collection management and document delivery the ownership and access approaches, was becoming increasingly blurred.
e) The rapid growth in the Internet has demonstrated the potential wealth of information resources available at the click of a mouse button, and
f) Librarians started giving increased emphasis to provide access to resources available elsewhere rather than physically possessing resources.
Digital Libraries, like traditional ones, will select, acquire, make available, and preserve collections. The major differences will be that Digital Libraries will consist of machine-readable data. This implies that the traditional concept of collection must be revised to accommodate materials that are accessible electronically.
Virtual Library: A virtuallibrary generally is a part of a network with linkages to other libraries providing access to information through virtual libraries which are off shoots of conventional ones require you to be member first.
A library on the internet. There are many books and publications available online, some can be viewed on the World Wide Web and some can be downloaded via FTP.
The key characteristics of a true virtual library are (Sherwell, 1997)
a) There is no corresponding physical collection.
b) Documents will be available in electronic format.
c) Documents are not stored in any location.
d) Documents can be assessed from any workstation.
e) Documents are retrieved and delivered as and when required, and
f) Effective search and browse facilities are available.
There has been increase interest on virtual libraries in recent times. It means to meet the information demand in corporate sittings. A, virtual library means, the usage of communication networks and information technology for access, searching and obtaining is must. It facilitates personalized service provided on the user’s desktop and desktop accesses to information for users as libraries are perform their works.
Differences: Digital libraries and Virtual libraries are not one and the same. All virtual libraries must be electronic, but not all electronic libraries are necessarily virtual.
A digital library is a library consisting of digital materials and services. Digital materials are items that are store, processed and transferred via digital devices and networks. One of the best example of a digital library is the U.S. Library of Congress American Memory Collection.
While, virtual library are the library which exists only virtually-that is, the library does not exist in real life. It can consist of materials that are organized in a virtual space using computers and computer networks. One of the best examples of a virtual library is the Networked Computer Science Technical Reports Library(NCSTRL)
Conclusion: These two are termed in interchangeably but, its not correct. They both have different characteristics which creates difference among them. While, all virtual library can became digital library but not all digital library can became digital.
About the Author
Anvita Srivastava
Master of Library and Information
Sesame Street: Cookie Monster In The Library
|
|
Low Library,Columbia University,New York,N.Y. $8.99 |
|
|
VHS LOGAN’S RUN Sci Fi Library Style Box Fawcett $1.99 |
|
|
N. C. Wyeth Treasure Island: Stevenson FRANKLIN Library w/ NOTES $39.95 |
|
|
Utica Public Library,Utica,N.Y. $8.99 |
|
|
1976 Bookshelf for Boys & Girls 9 vol set Homeschool library Complete EUC ! $19.99 |
|
|
Carnegie Library,Vancouver, British Columbia-CANADA-1905 POSTMARK & 1 CENT STAMP $5.00 |
|
|
1920s WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE Tempest ERROR Antique Book Mini LITTLE LEATHER LIBRARY $9.99 |
|
|
BEDFORD FALLS PUBLIC LIBRARY ~ IT’S A WONDERFUL LIFE CHRISTMAS VILLAGE $39.99 |
|
|
1972 Press Photo Eward Lear Govino Road Gennadius Library Athens Greece $9.99 |
|
|
Franklin Library Fathers And Sons by Ivan Turgenev $9.99 |
|
|
MONTAIGNE: TWENTY-NINE ESSAYS: FRANKLIN Library $22.00 |
|
|
Reach For A Book LIBRARY PROMO VHS – RARE Nick Carter Pre-Fame $4.49 |
|
|
The Conquest of New France by George M. Wrong (1918, Hardcover) ex-library $28.50 |
|
|
Franklin Library Candide (or the Optimist) by Voltaire $9.99 |
|
|
The Iliad of Homer; (Classics club library), Homer, Acc $7.89 |
|
|
The Garner Files: A Memoir Library Edition Garner, James/ Winokur, Jon/ Kramer, $139.96 |
|
|
Roam: A Novel With Music, Library Edition Lazar, Alan/ Lawlor, Patrick (Narrator $120.22 |
|
|
Stealth of Nations: The Global Rise of the Informal Economy Library Edition Neuw $139.96 |
|
|
The God Theory: Universes, Zero-Point Fields, and What’s Behind It All: Library $100.34 |
|
|
Patriot Acts: What Americans Must Do to Save the Republic: Library Edition Crier $120.12 |
|
|
Hellboy Library Edition Vol. 4: The Crooked Man and the Troll Witch (Hardcover) $28.25 255 characters or less! |
|
|
Miss Smith and the Haunted Library (Hardcover) $5.68 All sorts of favorite Halloween characters come alive in this festive picture book. Miss Smith takes her class to a story time with the librarian, Virginia Creeper. Whatever she reads about comes out of the book! Soon, the students are having a spur of… |
|
|
57 Games to Play in the Library or Classroom $17.77 Kids will really enjoy this bestselling collection of games while strengthening library skills. Every game is quick and easy to prepare and only commonly available materials are required. Provides clear instructions, reproducible patterns, and sample q… |
|
|
7 Gypsies Woodgrain Library Drawer and 6.25 x 11.75-inch Index Cards $15.94 Create a unique work of art using this replica library drawer as the base. This replica library drawer features a woodgrain finish and a real metal handle with the 7 Gypsies logo. |
|
|
Magic Tree House Library Box Set by Sal Murdocca (Paperback) $66.76 Jack and Annie’s first 28 adventures are now all together in this collectible box that looks just like the magic tree house itself! |
|
|
Magic Tree House Starter Library (Hardcover) $13.5 Collects the first two books in the Magic Tree House series with a dinosaur fact book, a game and puzzle book, a poster, and stickers. |
|
|
Family Circus Library 3 (Hardcover) $25.65 Description not available. |
|
|
Nutshell Library (Hardcover) $11.41 This boxed set includes miniature versions of “Alligators All Around: An Alphabet”, “One Was Johnny: A Counting Book”, “Chicken Soup with Rice: A Book of Months”, and “Pierre: A Cautionary Tale in Five Chapters and a Prologue”. |
|
|
Bloom County: The Complete Library 3 (Hardcover) $23.21 Description not available. |
|
|
How Do Dinosaurs… Pocket Library: Clean Their Rooms, Play with Their Friends, Learn Their Colors, Count to Ten (Hardcover) $9.26 Description not available. |
|
|
The Family Circus Library 2 (Hardcover) $25.98 Description not available. |
|
|
Alfred`s Basic Piano Library $7.87 |
|
|
Eddie Daniels/Roger Kellaway – Live At the Library of Congress [Digipak] [1/10] * $15.64 Disc 1:Strike Up the BandCapriccio TwilightSomewhereRhythm-a-NingAmerica the BeautifulEtude of a Woman/Pretty WomenJust FriendsPlace That You Want To Call Home, A50 State Rambler |
|
|
The Manara Library (Hardcover) $34.49 Description not available. |
|
|
Alfred`s Basic Piano Library $6.88 Description not available. |
|
|
Alfred’s Basic Piano Library $6.88 This easy step-by-step method emphasizes correct playing habits and note reading through interval recognition. Lesson Book 1B begins by reviewing the concepts taught in Lesson Book 1A, then introduces new concepts such as incomplete measures, tempo mar… |
|
|
Elmo’s World First Flap-Book Library by Random House (Hardcover) $9.89 These four Elmo’s World books come in a sturdy carrying case with a durable plastic handle and velcro closures. The books offer the entertaining signature elements of Elmo’s World. |
|
|
Baby`s First Library Goodnight Moon, The Runaway Bunny and Big Red Barn by Clement Hurd (Hardcover) $16.14 A gift set of classic bed time stories for children. Accompanied by brilliant illustrations this set consists of well known and beloved tales for kids. |
|
|
Alfred’s Basic Piano Library: Technique Level 1B $5.89 Description not available. |
|
|
Alfred`s Basic Piano Library (Paperback) $6.44 Designed to coordinate page-by-page with the Lesson Books. Contains enjoyable games and quizzes that reinforce the principles presented in the Lesson Books. Students can increase their musical understanding while they are away from the keyboard. |
|
|
The Library $2.39 The Library |
|
|
Library $7.13 Library |
|
|
In the Library $14.08 In the Library |
|
|
!Cuac, Cuac!(It’s Quacking Time) (Turtleback School & Library Binding Edition) $26.9 When Mommy Duck lays and egg, Duckling doesn’t know what it is and hence begins asking lots of questions and exploring the “estrange phenomenon.” Illustrated by Jill Barton in the clear colors of a spring day, this warm tale by Hans Christian Andersen Medal winner Martin Waddell will be enjoyed by any family expecting a new arrival. |
|
|
!Hola, Amigos! $40 Latinos are the fastest growing population in the United States, and are creating a large bilingual market. Librarians are often eager to attract, serve, and retain Latino patrons, and library services are sorely needed by the Latino community; but it takes more than adding a few Spanish-language books to the collection to meet those needs. Besides the cultural and language barriers library personnel encounter when interacting with this community, libraries generally lack the funding to engage in multicultural advertising as well as the time and specialized personnel to do it. This book provides a practical, easy-to-follow guide to creating a bilingual-friendly facility that will attracts Latino users. Hola, amigos!: A Plan for Latino Outreach offers users a systematic, orderly plan that directs outreach activity with worksheets, discussion reports, and easy-to-follow schedules, and more than 100 marketing ideas, tips, and examples from libraries around the country that can easily be incorporated into day-to-day activities. Many of the strategies can be applied to outreach of other minorities as well. |
|
|
!Tention $12.86 George Manville Fenn,Paperback, English-language edition,Pub by Echo Library |
|
|
‘Tween the New and the Old. a Tale of Three Lovers. $17.99 Used – Title: “‘Tween the New and the Old.” A tale of three lovers.Publisher: British Library, Historical Print EditionsThe British Library is the national library of the United Kingdom. It is one of the world’s largest research libraries holding over 150 million items in all known languages and formats: books, journals, newspapers, sound recordings, patents, maps, stamps, prints and much more. Its collections include around 14 million books, along with substantial additional collections of manu |
|
|
‘Tween the New and the Old. a Tale of Three Lovers. $22.23 New – Title: “‘Tween the New and the Old.” A tale of three lovers.Publisher: British Library, Historical Print EditionsThe British Library is the national library of the United Kingdom. It is one of the world’s largest research libraries holding over 150 million items in all known languages and formats: books, journals, newspapers, sound recordings, patents, maps, stamps, prints and much more. Its collections include around 14 million books, along with substantial additional collections of manus |
|
|
‘Tween the New and the Old. a Tale of Three Lovers. $22.23 Used – Title: “‘Tween the New and the Old.” A tale of three lovers.Publisher: British Library, Historical Print EditionsThe British Library is the national library of the United Kingdom. It is one of the world’s largest research libraries holding over 150 million items in all known languages and formats: books, journals, newspapers, sound recordings, patents, maps, stamps, prints and much more. Its collections include around 14 million books, along with substantial additional collections of manu |
|
|
‘Tween the New and the Old. a Tale of Three Lovers. $17.99 New – Title: “‘Tween the New and the Old.” A tale of three lovers.Publisher: British Library, Historical Print EditionsThe British Library is the national library of the United Kingdom. It is one of the world’s largest research libraries holding over 150 million items in all known languages and formats: books, journals, newspapers, sound recordings, patents, maps, stamps, prints and much more. Its collections include around 14 million books, along with substantial additional collections of manus |
|
|
1812. Napoleon I. in Russia. with an Introduction by R. Whiteing. Illustrated from Sketches and Paintings by the Author $17.11 New – Title: “1812.” Napoleon I. in Russia … With an introduction by R. Whiteing. Illustrated from sketches and paintings by the author.Publisher: British Library, Historical Print EditionsThe British Library is the national library of the United Kingdom. It is one of the world’s largest research libraries holding over 150 million items in all known languages and formats: books, journals, newspapers, sound recordings, patents, maps, stamps, prints and much more. Its collections include around |
|
|
1812. Napoleon I. in Russia. with an Introduction by R. Whiteing. Illustrated from Sketches and Paintings by the Author $17.11 Used – Title: “1812.” Napoleon I. in Russia … With an introduction by R. Whiteing. Illustrated from sketches and paintings by the author.Publisher: British Library, Historical Print EditionsThe British Library is the national library of the United Kingdom. It is one of the world’s largest research libraries holding over 150 million items in all known languages and formats: books, journals, newspapers, sound recordings, patents, maps, stamps, prints and much more. Its collections include around |
|
|
1812. Napoleon I. in Russia. with an Introduction by R. Whiteing. Illustrated from Sketches and Paintings by the Author $22.22 Used – Title: “1812.” Napoleon I. in Russia … With an introduction by R. Whiteing. Illustrated from sketches and paintings by the author.Publisher: British Library, Historical Print EditionsThe British Library is the national library of the United Kingdom. It is one of the world’s largest research libraries holding over 150 million items in all known languages and formats: books, journals, newspapers, sound recordings, patents, maps, stamps, prints and much more. Its collections include around |
|
|
A Drug in the Market: being some of the Songs of Zion that are not wanted. Written by Jacobus. $13.41 Anonymous,Paperback, English-language edition,Pub by British Library, Historical Print Editions |
|
|
A Peep Into the Past: Brighton in 1744-61. with an Illustration, South View of Brighton in … 1743. [With Folding Plates.] $12.53 John George Bishop,Paperback, English-language edition,Pub by British Library, Historical Print Editions |
|
|
A Peep Into the Past: Brighton in the Olden Time, with Glances at the Present, Etc. [With Plates, Including Portraits.] $24.72 New – Title: “A Peep into the Past” Brighton in the Olden Time, with glances at the present, etc. [With plates, including portraits.]Publisher: British Library, Historical Print EditionsThe British Library is the national library of the United Kingdom. It is one of the world’s largest research libraries holding over 150 million items in all known languages and formats: books, journals, newspapers, sound recordings, patents, maps, stamps, prints and much more. Its collections include around 14 mi |
|
|
A Peep Into the Past: Brighton in the Olden Time, with Glances at the Present, Etc. [With Plates, Including Portraits.] $29 New – Title: “A Peep into the Past” Brighton in the Olden Time, with glances at the present, etc. [With plates, including portraits.]Publisher: British Library, Historical Print EditionsThe British Library is the national library of the United Kingdom. It is one of the world’s largest research libraries holding over 150 million items in all known languages and formats: books, journals, newspapers, sound recordings, patents, maps, stamps, prints and much more. Its collections include around 14 mi |
|
|
A Peep Into the Past: Brighton in the Olden Time, with Glances at the Present, Etc. [With Plates, Including Portraits.] $31.41 Used – Title: “A Peep into the Past” Brighton in the Olden Time, with glances at the present, etc. [With plates, including portraits.]Publisher: British Library, Historical Print EditionsThe British Library is the national library of the United Kingdom. It is one of the world’s largest research libraries holding over 150 million items in all known languages and formats: books, journals, newspapers, sound recordings, patents, maps, stamps, prints and much more. Its collections include around 14 m |
|
|
A Peep Into the Past: Brighton in the Olden Time, with Glances at the Present, Etc. [With Plates, Including Portraits.] $31.41 New – Title: “A Peep into the Past” Brighton in the Olden Time, with glances at the present, etc. [With plates, including portraits.]Publisher: British Library, Historical Print EditionsThe British Library is the national library of the United Kingdom. It is one of the world’s largest research libraries holding over 150 million items in all known languages and formats: books, journals, newspapers, sound recordings, patents, maps, stamps, prints and much more. Its collections include around 14 mi |
|
|
A Peep Into the Past: Brighton in the Olden Time, with Glances at the Present, Etc. [With Plates, Including Portraits.] $29 Used – Title: “A Peep into the Past” Brighton in the Olden Time, with glances at the present, etc. [With plates, including portraits.]Publisher: British Library, Historical Print EditionsThe British Library is the national library of the United Kingdom. It is one of the world’s largest research libraries holding over 150 million items in all known languages and formats: books, journals, newspapers, sound recordings, patents, maps, stamps, prints and much more. Its collections include around 14 m |
|
|
A Peep Into the Past: Brighton in the Olden Time, with Glances at the Present, Etc. [With Plates, Including Portraits.] $24.72 Used – Title: “A Peep into the Past” Brighton in the Olden Time, with glances at the present, etc. [With plates, including portraits.]Publisher: British Library, Historical Print EditionsThe British Library is the national library of the United Kingdom. It is one of the world’s largest research libraries holding over 150 million items in all known languages and formats: books, journals, newspapers, sound recordings, patents, maps, stamps, prints and much more. Its collections include around 14 m |
|
|
A Peep Into the Past: Brighton in the Olden Time, with Glances at the Present, Etc. [With Plates, Including Portraits.] $21.46 New – Title: “A Peep into the Past” Brighton in the Olden Time, with glances at the present, etc. [With plates, including portraits.]Publisher: British Library, Historical Print EditionsThe British Library is the national library of the United Kingdom. It is one of the world’s largest research libraries holding over 150 million items in all known languages and formats: books, journals, newspapers, sound recordings, patents, maps, stamps, prints and much more. Its collections include around 14 mi |
|
|
A Peep Into the Past: Brighton in the Olden Time, with Glances at the Present, Etc. [With Plates, Including Portraits.] $21.46 Used – Title: “A Peep into the Past” Brighton in the Olden Time, with glances at the present, etc. [With plates, including portraits.]Publisher: British Library, Historical Print EditionsThe British Library is the national library of the United Kingdom. It is one of the world’s largest research libraries holding over 150 million items in all known languages and formats: books, journals, newspapers, sound recordings, patents, maps, stamps, prints and much more. Its collections include around 14 m |
Tags: ajax, books, javascript, library, library alehouse, library bar, library of congress, library ucla, programming
